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Two hundred years ago, on June 1, 1812, United
States President, James Madison, declared war on England and its North American
Colonies. Now from a 200 year old perspective, 2012 is going to be a reflective
and patriotic year in Canada as it goes down memory lane to revisit the events,
meaning, and impact, of this war on Canadian identity as a nation. In 1812, the
conquest of New France in1760 by England was still a recent painful memory for
those living in Lower Canada; for those in Upper Canada, the majority, as
Tories, had chosen to remain loyal to Britain during the American revolution of
1776, and had, as Empire Loyalists, emigrated largely to the area we call Ontario
today, and to the Maritimes. The war of 1812 involved what existed then, Lower
and Upper Canada, (Quebec and Ontario) and the Maritimes. Now scant decades
after these social political dislocations and migrations, the death and
destruction by American militia type incursions into Canadian Communities
around the great lakes affected both English loyalists and French Canadians, and
a deepened sense of Canadian identity was forged. Some Canadian historians have identified the
war of 1812, more than the loyalist migration from revolutionary United States,
as being the significant beginning of Canadian nationalism (Mac Kirdy, Moir and
Zoltvany, 1971, p. 117). But read any Canadian History book and you will likely
not hear much of the war’s effect on, or participation of, First Nations
peoples.